30.07.2020

Primary Expression In Dev C++

These C operators join individual constants and variables to form expressions. Operators, functions, constants and variables are combined together to form expressions. Consider the expression A + B. 5. Where, +,. are operators, A, B are variables, 5 is constant and A + B. 5 is an expression. C: Logical Operators 'If' statements provide an excellent way to do certain things under certain conditions, however sometimes more complex conditions are required to accomplish the desired goal. Logical operators, sometimes called boolean operators, evaluate expressions and decide what boolean should be expressed from the evaluation.

P: 3
I am currently doing online tutorials for C++, and am pretty much stuck in a rut about this problem. It is saying that there's an expected unqualifed-id before '{' token (I will post the code in just a second) on line 11, and an expected ',' or ';' before '{' token also on line 11, however I don't have a clue what the first one means. The program is meant to save a user's name in a string variable within a structure, and to then show that name without the need to assign a pointer to it. Also, note that I am compiling this with the Dev-C++ (aka Devcpp) compiler, on a Windows XP system.
  1. #include <iostream>
  2. using namespace std;
  3. int main()
  4. {
  5. struct database {
  6. string name; // declares that the structure has a string
  7. // in it called name.
  8. }
  9. {
  10. int main()
  11. cout<<'Enter your name.n'; //displays the obvious
  12. getline(cin, name, 'n'); // records the user's input into the string name,
  13. // and terminates the command when the user presses enter.
  14. database employee01;
  15. // declares the single structure and its contents
  16. employee01.name = string name;
  17. cout<<'Your name should be: '<<employee01.name<<'.n';
  18. cin.get();
  19. }
  20. }
11 C:Documents and SettingsMainMy Documentssubstring and structures.cpp expected unqualified-id before '{' token
11 C:Documents and SettingsMainMy Documentssubstring and structures.cpp expected `,' or `;' before '{' token
Could someone please explain to me what the 'unqualified-id before' means, how to fix it, what I did wrong, and why it is the way that you say is the correct code?
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An expression is a sequence of operators and their operands, that specifies a computation.

Expression evaluation may produce a result (e.g., evaluation of 2+2 produces the result 4) and may generate side-effects (e.g. evaluation of std::printf('%d',4) prints the character '4' on the standard output).

Primary Expression In Dev C Online

  • 2Operators
  • 3Primary expressions

[edit]General

  • value categories (lvalue, rvalue, glvalue, prvalue, xvalue) classify expressions by their values
  • order of evaluation of arguments and subexpressions specify the order in which intermediate results are obtained

[edit]Operators

Common operators
assignment increment
decrement		 arithmetic logical comparison member
access		 other

a = b
a += b
a -= b
a *= b
a /= b
a %= b
a &= b
a = b
a ^= b
a <<= b
a >>= b

++a
--a
a++
a--

+a
-a
a + b
a - b
a * b
a / b
a % b
~a
a & b
a b
a ^ b
a << b
a >> b

!a
a && b
a b

a b
a != b
a < b
a > b
a <= b
a >= b
a <=> b

a[b]
*a
&a
a->b
a.b
a->*b
a.*b

a(..)
a, b
?:

Special operators

static_cast converts one type to another related type
dynamic_cast converts within inheritance hierarchies
const_cast adds or removes cv qualifiers
reinterpret_cast converts type to unrelated type
C-style cast converts one type to another by a mix of static_cast, const_cast, and reinterpret_cast
new creates objects with dynamic storage duration
delete destructs objects previously created by the new expression and releases obtained memory area
sizeof queries the size of a type
sizeof.. queries the size of a parameter pack(since C++11)
typeid queries the type information of a type
noexcept checks if an expression can throw an exception (since C++11)
alignof queries alignment requirements of a type (since C++11)

  • operator precedence defines the order in which operators are bound to their arguments
  • alternative representations are alternative spellings for some operators
  • operator overloading makes it possible to specify the behavior of the operators with user-defined classes.

[edit]Conversions

  • standard conversions implicit conversions from one type to another
  • explicit cast conversion using C-style cast notation and functional notation
  • user-defined conversion makes it possible to specify conversion from user-defined classes

Cpp Expected Primary Expression Before

[edit]Memory allocation

  • new expression allocates memory dynamically
  • delete expression deallocates memory dynamically

[edit]Other

  • constant expressions can be evaluated at compile time and used in compile-time context (template arguments, array sizes, etc)


[edit]Primary expressions

Primary

The operands of any operator may be other expressions or primary expressions (e.g. in 1+2*3, the operands of operator+ are the subexpression 2*3 and the primary expression 1).

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Primary expressions are any of the following:

1) Literals (e.g. 2 or 'Hello, world')
2) Suitably declared unqualified identifiers (e.g. n or cout)
3) Suitably declared qualified identifiers (e.g. std::string::npos)
5)Fold-expressions(C++17)

Any expression in parentheses is also classified as a primary expression: this guarantees that the parentheses have higher precedence than any operator. Parentheses preserve value, type, and value category.

[edit]Literals

Literals are the tokens of a C++ program that represent constant values embedded in the source code.

  • integer literals are decimal, octal, hexadecimal or binary numbers of integer type.
  • character literals are individual characters of type
  • char or wchar_t
  • char16_t or char32_t(since C++11)
  • char8_t(since C++20)
  • floating-point literals are values of type float, double, or longdouble
  • string literals are sequences of characters of type
  • constchar[] or constwchar_t[]
  • constchar16_t[] or constchar32_t[](since C++11)
  • const char8_t[](since C++20)
  • boolean literals are values of type bool, that is true and false
  • nullptr is the pointer literal which specifies a null pointer value (since C++11)
  • user-defined literals are constant values of user-specified type (since C++11)

[edit]Unevaluated expressions

The operands of the operators typeid, sizeof, noexcept, and decltype(since C++11) are expressions that are not evaluated (unless they are polymorphic glvalues and are the operands of typeid), since these operators only query the compile-time properties of their operands. Thus, std::size_t n = sizeof(std::cout<<42); does not perform console output.

Primary expression in dev c online

The unevaluated operands are considered to be full expressions even though they are syntactically operands in a larger expression (for example, this means that sizeof(T()) requires an accessible T::~T)

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(since C++14)

The requires-expressions are also unevaluated expressions.

(since C++20)

[edit]Discarded-value expressions

A discarded-value expression is an expression that is used for its side-effects only. The value calculated from such expression is discarded. Such expressions include the full expression of any expression statement, the left-hand operand of the built-in comma operator, or the operand of a cast-expression that casts to the type void.

Array-to-pointer and function-to-pointer conversions are never applied to the value calculated by a discarded-value expression. The lvalue-to-rvalue conversion is applied if and only if the expression is a volatile-qualified glvalue and has one of the following forms (built-in meaning required, possibly parenthesized)

  • id-expression
  • array subscript expression
  • class member access expression
  • indirection
  • pointer-to-member operation
  • conditional expression where both the second and the third operands are one of these expressions,
  • comma expression where the right operand is one of these expressions.

In addition, if the lvalue is of volatile-qualified class type, a volatile copy-constructor is required to initialize the resulting rvalue temporary.

If the expression is a non-void prvalue (after any lvalue-to-rvalue conversion that might have taken place), temporary materialization occurs.

Compilers may issue warnings when an expression other than cast to void discards a value declared [[nodiscard]].

(since C++17)
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